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Homeopathy Treatment of Bovine Diseases-II |
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Note from Webmaster : The first part of this article was posted in the May 2004 Updates of this website. Pl visit. |
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Below are few frequently asked questions or cases referred to me through correspondence. My replies given to them may help in your field practice. I have to caution that we are not entitled to use or prescribe Homoeo drugs according to Indian Veterinary Council Act in our practice. But the information will be of use at a later date for those who can obtain additional Homeo Diploma or Degree. The information on Homeo drugs given in this write up has been collected either by correspondence or interacting with human and veterinary Homeo practitioners. Q1. History is Repeat breeders with irregular cycles
Details of my replies to the above queries are as follows A. The theoretical repeat breeder will be different from practical one what a veterinarian facing except few animals, which one could make them conceive others are anovulatory heats, where cycle length is not normal. My method of correcting is recording things each week, for 3 weeks, for each case, and if possible during heat is a must. Observe for: - 1. Redness of mucosa of eye: If pale even in heat (vulval mm.is pink, discharge clear, etc., one/ more signs are seen) don't conceive. Mucosa slight pink - animal may conceive. 2. Vulval mucosa: Vulval mucosa should be pink. In cows if only capillaries are injected - it is early heat do artificial insemination (AI) intracervically (not intra uterine) provided uterus is tonic and size of the follicle is above 50% of the thickness of the ovary. If mucosa is uniformly pink it is mid heat - either entire semen may be deposited intra uterine or half intra uterine and half intracervically. If mucosa is cyanotic do intrauterine AI. In off heat the capillaries of vulva will be clear blue and other part will be pale. In buffaloes if haemoglobin levels are normal then the eye mucosa will be red. If pale no use to do AI. In early heat upper 1/3rd of vulva will be pink rest is white. Rest of it is same as in cows. 3. Sacrosciatic ligaments relaxation: Difficult to appreciate in buffaloes. A relaxation of 0.25 to 0.50 cm. in heat is normal, above this I consider it as a case of early or advance pregnancy or repeat breeder with short cycles or cystic ovary. If ligaments have not relaxed, earlier cycle CL might not have regressed so it can repeat. Use now PG.-kill C.L. 4. Cervix: It should be free from kinked cervix and Cervicitis; the latter can be appreciated with a vaginal speculum. Using Homeo drugs like Aurum muriaticum natronatum 30/200 and Thiosinamum 6, each 10 pills tid for 10 or more days is a must. Using Sabina 30, 10 pills a day for 10 or more days is optional. The course can be of one week, repeat it with a week's rest. If kinked - cervical AI + Oxytocin 10 iu i/m. or N.S. 5. Uterus: (i) Should be tonic while doing AI. (ii) Tubularity can be round or flat but never biconcave. (iii) Tonicity if absent and gains tonicity after first examination is not fit for AI. Also when uterus is milked out from tip to base, it should not alter in tonicity or tubularity. Highly tonic uterus may be a case of post oestrous bleeding, where the follicle is still felt on the ovary, though theoretically it has completed one or three days (in 3 days case AI was done in proestrous) from the day of heat. For these cases AI is advised on the day of bleeding provided after milking out, if no alteration in its shape and consistency (both) are noticed. In addition feeding any oil cake in three divided parts daily for 45 days is a must and the total additional quantity per day may be ½ to ¾ kg. (iv) The difference between left and right horn at base should not be greater than 0.5 cm (if it is more than 0.5 centimeter I suspect it as a case of endometritis) and each horn's diameter should not be more than 3.5 centimeters. If it is bigger than this - suggests incomplete involution of uterus or metritis. (v) Consistency should be meaty, (not soft or hard). 6. Ovaries: Record length, height and thickness. Only one ovary may be large when compared to the other ovary. I want the height and thickness should be almost 1:1. When follicle is present, follicle's thickness (bigger ovary) must be 50% of the thickness of that ovary during heat. If the follicle is tough it may be in early heat while if it is soft or pliable do AI (site of semen deposition changes depending on the stage of heat). If the CL of earlier cycle is still not regressed totally I prefer to treat intrauterine with a mild antiseptic like Wokadine, Betadine etc and do AI next day. In good number of cases in the field 200mg of Gentamycin is used in 30 ml distilled water (instead of distilled water, use of 2.96% sodium citrate solution. is preferred). In the Bangalore Milk Union Limited (BAMUL), Bangalore we have deposited 0.2 ml Juramate/Vetmate (VetCare Co. Bangalore) or 1ml Ilerin or 2-3ml Lutalyse in 10 ml of distilled water for every 0.5ml size CL If you wish, skip that heat, use PG in the mid cycle period when CL is aged 10 to 14 days. After AI, examine the vulval lips daily for 3 days for presence of mild endometritis, which shows pus flakes on the vulval mucosa, or a band of pus string or pus on the edge of vulval lips. This can be due to unhygienic AI or when calved no bedding was provided or natural service or bad quality semen or animal is not in heat but AI done (yellow discharge is seen in E.coli infection- after AI) Special note: Animals in heat for more than one day and not ovulating may be cases of after effects of FMD, or not getting sufficient quantity of energy per day or they may be sub-clinical type of acidosis. For clinical or sub-clinical acidosis I suggest to feed 3 teaspoonful of sodium bicarbonate (cooking soda) (adige soda in Kannada) per time thrice in a day for one week and thereafter 2 days in a week, thrice in a day. Reduce wheat bran, increase oil cake, avoid finely powdered grains, avoid cooked concentrates, feed gram husk. Feed a mixture of dry (1/3) and green fodders (2/3). Feed fodder plus concentrates and fodder together (total mixed ration) twice or thrice a day. B, Minimum body condition score of the local bovine breeds should be 2.75 to 3.00 out of 5.00 if you wish to breed or it should be 3.75/5.00 at the time of calving and 4.5 /5.00 with exotic animals. These animals will cycle 11-17 days after calving, but I suggest to get breed them by 45-90 days from calving. Between 35-45, 45-60, 60-90, 90-120 and after 120 days the respective fertility rates will be 92, 83,74,60 and 40 per cent. In animals with poorer body condition they do show heat between 28-30 days after calving and thereafter they remain anoestrous above 4months and fertility rate will be below 40 %. C. During heat the discharge should be clear on the first day, on second day it can be slightly cloudy which is normal due to inflow of WBCs under progesterone phase even prior to ovulation. After AI, if the discharge is yellow in colour one can suspect it as a case of E.coli infection. Green fodder if it is succulent (dry matter intake will be less) or over matured (though the animal consumes dry matter, not able to use much of it due to more lignin content). D. To bring ovulatory heats, it is advised to feed concentrates 3 times a day (6-7 a.m., 2 p.m., 8-9 p.m.) for 60 to 90 days, and mineral mixture 60-90 gm. per day. For after effects of Foot and Mouth Disease give 60 grammes of iodinated salt per day for 60 days. Also give one handful of menthya seeds (fenu-greek seeds) soaked over night, which needs grinding before feeding, give it for 10 days. Also feed 50 grammes of fried Til (Til seeds) (Yellu in Kannada) for 10 days. Homeo drugs Iodum 200 and Ipecac200 are given daily in 3 doses for 7 to 10 days. Chaffed meat of pig stomach is cooked, add salt and black pepper powder and feed twice at 15 days interval When ovary/ies is/are bulged with a follicle for indigenous animals we have used 1-2 ml GnRH (Receptal) as s/c injection 8 hours or one day before AI, or use Chorulon 1500 i.u. by i/v route. In the presence of Corpus Luteum (CL), we have used Synchromate or Prostodin (human PG of Astra Zenac Co), Vetmate or Juramate (20ml vial costs me Rs 875/-) at 14 days interval 2-3 times, in infected cases feeding germinated gram and mineral mixture are a must. Alphos and Vitamin-A may be of use in marginal deficiency. We deposit 0.2 ml of Juramate for every 0.5cm size CL mixed in 10 ml of distilled water and deposited intra vaginally in front of cervix, in the fornix area. (this causes luteolysis). If feeding standards are ideal the animal comes into heat. (Depending on the follicle size after Prostaglandin injection, animal shows heat in 36 hours to 5 days). Livamisole, two 10-15 ml s/c injection once in 7-15 days. E. Using dextrose either 5 or higher percent solution in infected cases precipitates the infection. Q2. How to treat kinked cervix or Cervicitis cases? Answer: For Cervicitis, refer the book and topic cervix in page one Q3. Why animals are repeating after use of iodophor compounds Answer: All mild intrauterine irritants (Wokadine / Betadine / Topical OTC etc.,) can cause erosion of uterine endothelium for its regeneration and prefer to skip one natural heat. Q4. Which drug is preferred for delayed ovulators? Answer: For delayed ovulator first set right feeding (extra feed, feed 3 times in a day + mineral mixture, deworming), minimum a month, GnRH (i/m) 8 hours prior to AI is best alternate is Chorulon 1,500 iu preferably by i/v route 8 hours before AI. Next drug is to feed 2.5mg x 4 Proctinol (Bromocryptin) (Biddle Sawyer) tablets a human preparation. Q5. In some she buffaloes after pre partum prolapse even after 12-24hours from calving the placenta is not expelled and manual removal caused severe straining, fetid discharge, metritis, drop in milk yield. Is there any specific remedy? Answer: Prevention is better than treatment. Irritation is the main cause for straining in prolapse or ROP (RFM) cases. To overcome pre partum prolapse I prefer to douche the vaginal cavity daily with 1 in 10,000 Potassium permanganate lotion for one week. Rise hindquarters by 6" height. Juilen et.al (1967) proved one month prior to calving supplementation of 50mg of selenium and 500mg of vitamin E could prevent the retention of placenta. So feeding germinated horse gram (15-20 kilos) in the last month of calving could prevent ROP (RFM). This legume is cheap and all legumes have selenium and any germinated seeds will have vitamin E. The purpose of boiling is to destroy urease a proteolytic enzyme present in them. This is being used in metritis cases, and to induce heat. Indian farmer demands manual removal of placenta. Varied treatments have been tried none has given 100 per cent success. Manual removal causes delayed involution of uterus, prolonged treatment, more number of AI, prolonged inter calving period, possibility of adhesions with ovary/fallopian tube - sterility. Treatment: A. Homoeopathic: (Dr, B.L.Pradeep's formula) 5ml Q.Gossypium, + Sabina 30, Sepia30, Caulophyllum 30/200, Secale cornutum (Ergot) 30, Pyrogenium 1M,Gun powder each 10 pills TID for 5 or more days. To remove toxins using Q.Echinacae 8 to10 drops in small quantity of water Q.I.D. till the desired effect is seen. I have come across use of Allopathic and homeo drugs together in above cases. Allopathic: B. Using 3 gm of urea (half Furea bolus) in 200ml of water followed by 200ml of 1% hydrogen peroxide (6ml of 20 volumes of H2O2) intrauterine using an enema can cause abdominal contractions and expulsion of froth. With above test if contractions are not seen animal takes more days to expel the placenta. Metranidazole 200ml + 30 ml of Topical OTC intra uterine daily, injections of Liver extract, Antihistamines and cortisones (they act as detoxifiers but be cautious with cortisones as they have an effect to drop milk yield), antibiotics, vitamin C are advised. Using Prostaglandin is not necessary as the involuting uterus itself produces lot of prostaglandin. Injecting calcium in small quantity may not upset the ratio between
Ca and P and hence it will not affect the milk yield. Depending on the milk yield 100-300 ml. can be injected, repeat after a week. Q7. Few cows don't letdown milk or when calf dies to let down milk what treatment can be adopted? Answer: Homeopathic: (Dr. B.L.Pradeep's formula) Sepia 200 + Ignetia 200 + Dulcamara 200 (preferred in cold season) each 10 pills TID for 3-5 days. Allopathic: Give Sequil 40 mg inj. or 50 mg orally 30 minutes before milking. Q 10. How to diagnose puerperal metritis? What treatment has to be given? Answer: some of the important symptoms are elevated temperature, lochia is of bad smell that attracts flies, off feed and may not drink water. Treatment: Homoeo drugs used are: Q Echinecae 8 to 10 drops, Pyrogenium 1m, Gun powder 6, Sabina 30, Selenium 30, each 10 to 15 pills tid/qid for 5 or more days is advised. Allopathic: Antibiotics (Strepto-Penicillin or Terramycin long acting drug), Antihistamines other than chlorpromazine, Liver extract, Vitamin C (Redoxon / Celine) as injections. Intrauterine Metranidazole 200ml plus 30ml of Terramycin liquid with or without diluting with equal quantity of water. Few use Neomycin and Metranidazole I also prefer injecting intrauterine 17 beta oestradiol drug (present in Metrojet of Intervet). Parental administration of Glucose with normal saline is preferred. You may have to think of injecting oxytocin to contract the uterus and expel the contents. Oestradiol cypionate 3 to 4 mg is the alternate estrogen. The other estrogen is 5mg of oestradiol benzoate. These two estrogens are injected intramuscularly. Small quantity 50 to 100ml of calcium borogluconate can be used. Vitamin E injections 500mg daily plus orally 150 mg of sodium selenite are worth trying. Q 11. How to differentiate follicular and luteal cysts? How to identify cystic C.L.? Answer: Usually follicular cyst will be thin and yields for pressure (but pressure test is not advised as the contents of the cyst if has some fibrin or while rupturing the cyst any capillary if bleeds it can cause mild adhesions later). Use one hand for applying pressure on the cyst and with other hand press the testes or tip of the pinna of the ear, the pressure should be equal on both hands when the pain is felt, stop further pressure. If it ruptures it is a follicular cyst if not it is a luteal cyst. When hormones were not available injecting 5% Lugol's Iodine by intravenous route 80, 50, 50, 30 ml for 4 consecutive days could cause regression of a follicular cyst. Cystic C.L. invariably will have a crown and the bottom of it will have a cyst. Rarely crown may be absent. In luteal cyst and cystic CL the progesterone levels will be above 2 ng/ml (nano grammes/ml) of blood serum. Treatment: Homoeo treatment: Apocynum 200, Murex purpura 200, Natrum sulph 200, Apis mellifica 30/ 200, each 10 pills TID for a week. While for luteal cyst along with the above drugs use Aurum muriaticum natro natum 30/200,10 pills TID one week. Follicular cyst - GnRH if the cyst is small 2.5ml of Receptal (or Fertagyl as recommended by the company). If more than one cyst is there and large use double the dose of the drug recommended by the company. Same dosage holds good for luteal cyst. If you prefer PGF2 alpha for luteal cyst use the normal dose for single cyst and double dose for 2 or more cysts. I prefer Juramate / Syncromate (Cloprostinol is the content) half the dose recommended by the company while Prostodin/Iliren/Lutalyse as recommended by the company. In the following heat use GnRH or chorulon at ovulatory dose and no AI. After that two PG injections once in 14 days (interval can be10 to 12 days) is advised Meanwhile or even before starting the treatment put the animal with salt free normal diet as per the milk production and body weight. Giving germinated horse gram after grinding and boiling with salt / jaggary for 20-30 days depending on the severity of case. Q 12. What treatment should be adopted for macerated foetus? Answer: Treatment recommended as in septic metritis has to be tried except use of oxytocin. If sacrosciatic ligaments are relaxed use of FSH (Folligon 1000 iu) helps in development of follicles and relaxation of cervix for pulling out few bone pieces. Homoeopathy drugs: Same as indicated in septic metritis plus you can use Calcaria flour 30/200 TID for one week Q 13. Suggest treatment for true anoestrous Answer: Deworm with any broad-spectrum anthelmentic and inject Levimasole to boost up immunity. To the anthelmentic preparation, few people add 0.2ml of selenium 30 and 0.2ml of calcaria carb 30 to kill the worms. Give mineral mixture 60 gm per day daily. If ovaries are flat increase feeding and feed three times in a day. Orally give 50 to 150 gm of sodium bicarbonate (cooking soda) in 3 divided parts per day for seven days. (One teaspoonful weighs 5 to 6 gm), followed by every 3rd and 4th day the same quantity especially in sub-clinical or clinical acidosis (identified by ruminal pH with a pH paper). Homeo treatment: Aurum iodum200-10pills, Sepia200-10 pills, Echinacea30-5pills, Selenium 30 - 5 pills, plus Pulsatilla 30-5 pills, Agnus castus 30-5 pills and Thyroidinum 30-10 pills in heifers and dry cows given three times a day for 3 successive days in a week for 6 weeks. For cows in milk use the below drugs: Aurum iodum 200-10pills, Sepia30-10pills, Echinacea 30-5 pills, Selenium 30 -5pills, Agnus Castus 30-5pills, Calcaria Phos 30 -5 pills, Calcaria carb 30-5 pills to be given thrice a day for 3 successive days in a week for 6 weeks. Unless the feeding is optimum with mineral mixture these homeo drugs will not help. Q 14. How to treat 'summer sterility' in buffaloes? Answer: Instead of calling 'summer sterility' it is better to call 'summer infertility' in buffaloes. Provide wallowing facility or pour water on the back of the animal four to five times on the hot part of the day. Best results are seen when water is sprinkled and fans are used. Allow the animal to be in shade. Tie or leave the animal in open area during nighttime, never tie the animal in the shed. Also, follow what has been indicated for anoestrous. Q 16. Which drug is best to increase milk production? Answer: Growth hormone of foetus and mother together acts on udder give a stimulus which is followed by estrogen and progesterone for acini and duct development respectively, in heifers adrenal also has a role while prolactin maintains milk yield. Homeopathy: This combination helps to improve the milk yield. Q.Recinus communis 10-15 drops, Alfalfa6-5 drops, Calcaria carb 30 -5drops, Calcaria phos 30 -5drops each bid for 15 days. Also mixing Lecithin3x a pinch daily helps. In women the mixture of 4-6 drops bid. or tid. is used to increase milk yield. Blood Hb levels can be increased with Iron dextron injections have been tried but success is poor, while oral iron tablets response is very poor. If Hb levels increase milk yield can increase. (ii) Injection of Calborol like drugs after development of udder in pregnant animals caused a drop in milk yield compared to its previous lactation. At this stage when "paratharmone" hormone is making calcium to move from bone to blood (from there it enters colostrum). Calcium injection releases "calcitonin" hormone and removes calcium from blood and puts into bones, and udder development is prevented. In some lactating animals, which are on rich wheat, bran diet (phosphorus is high) calcium injection may be of help. Due to calcium injection if milk yield drops in a lactating animal supplement more what bran in the diet rather than supplementing with phosphorus injections. (iii) In an aborted animal if udder has formed or already lactating, give hot water bath (42C) twice a day, 100-150 ml i/v calcium and 10ml of liver extract i/m injections. once in three days 3 injections have given favorable results. If not in milk massaging udder and milking over 7 to 10 days gives milk. (iv) Check for sub clinical / clinical acidosis of rumen - here sodium bicarbonate feeding will be of good use. Also heck for sub clinical mastitis - with a pH paper and treat. Q 17. Which is the best treatment for warts on teats? Answer: We have tried a plant latex called (Seeme enne gida-Kannada, Seemanune chettu, Gabbu chettu - Telugu) (Croton tigilium) for warts on teats. Villagers make a small scratch on 2-3 warts with the sharp edge of crystal of common salt and apply the latex. It is repeated on other 2-3 waters for 2 more days. In homoeopathy Calcaria carb 30 tid for 10 to 15 has helped to overcome this problem very easily. It is caused by herpes virus type III. Calcaria carb30 was good for warts on entire body and papilloma cases too. Q 18. In some animals udder development is poor and some times milk is not sufficient even for the calf. What treatment can be given? Answer: Refer Q10 as it answers hormonal interplay. Dr. Shiva Kumar from Hiriyur, Karnataka has reported a successful result by the use of Sarasapiralla 200, 20 pills tid for 7-10days before and after calving. In women this is used in inverted nipples and it could causes breast development and protrusion of nipple, so that she can feed her baby. Q 19. Some animals show increased temperature in the evening hours only? Answer: A. (i) Check lymph nodes and a blood smear for Thielaria and other blood parasites. Treat accordingly. (ii) Poor ventilation of the house can be a cause. Here provide 3 inch diameter and 3 feet long plastic pipes in the ridge of the roof at10feet interval for the escape of hot air. (iii) Injecting iron preparation injection by slow i/v is good rather than supplementing iron tablets. I/m injections can be painful. B. This combination of Homeopathy has increased Haemoglobin levels in blood. Q 20. Treatment for Fibrosis of teat orifice / entire teat canal / a lump at teat base Answer: For all the above situations people have got excellent results with the use of Thiosinamum 6 + Aurum muriaticum natro natum 200 each 10 pills TID for 10 to 15 days. If udder is hard due to chronic mastitis treat during pregnancy- udder softens. Q 21. Tail Dry gangrene is more common in bullocks? Please suggest treatment. Answer: Application of equal quantities of yolk of egg and olive oil or Til (Gingily) oil. Or apply spent engine oil. Before applying any of them the part should be washed well with soap and water and need be dried before next application. Feeding Graphites 30, (homeo drug) 15 pills tid daily has given results. Q 22-A. Case reports and homeopathic treatment History Vagina short in length, Cervix 5 cm long, 1.5 cm thick, enlarged consistency hard. My diagnosis from above information: Vaginitis & Cervicitis, possibility of Metritis. Allopathy Treatment:
Q 23 B. Case report - History HF graded cow 400 Kg, full mouth, had conceived for PG treatment, 4calvings.Had uterine inertia at the time of calving. This time treated with PGf2 alpha but failed to conceive. Owner sought the help of another Veterinarian who treated for Cervicitis with Lixen (Cephalosporines) intrauterine suspension + Nitrofurazone ointment application for Cervicitis. Since then the animal when in heat will have profuse discharge. Os cervix was enlarged so treated with Myron and Bangsil each 5-0-5 for 10 days with that os cervix has reduced in its size. Cervix:
length 13cm x 4cm width, consistency slightly hard.
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Authors Corresponding address: Dr.V.N.Viswanatha Reddy
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The views expressed in this article are of the author(s), and any clarifications can be obtained from the author(s). |
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